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Optimal Charging Profile for Lithium-Ion Batteries at Subzero Temperatures

Tuesday, 7 October 2014: 15:20
Sunrise, 2nd Floor, Galactic Ballroom 4 (Moon Palace Resort)
B. Suthar, P. W. C. Northrop (Department of Energy, Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis), R. D. Braatz (Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology), and V. R. Subramanian (Washington University-St. Louis)
This presentation considers the problem of obtaining the optimal charging profile of a lithium-ion battery using physics-based thermal-electrochemical coupled models at subzero temperatures. The battery performance is usually very sensitive to temperatures at subzero environment and cannot deliver high rates of current (1). The temperature changes which arise during charging/discharging from subzero temperatures lead to significant changes in the battery dynamics throughout charging. Such major changes lead to charge/discharge behaviors that are not monotonic in voltage (2). This behavior necessitates the use of model based optimization techniques to derive optimal charging profiles which account for the changing temperatures within the cell.

This presentation will discuss optimal charging profiles derived using the thermal single particle model (3) and the reformulated thermal pseudo two dimensional model (4) at subzero temperatures. Special focus will be given to the effect of the surrounding temperature and heat transfer coefficient on performance and the calculated optimal profiles.

Acknowledgements

The work presented herein was funded in part by the Advanced Research Projects Agency – Energy (ARPA-E), U.S. Department of Energy, under Award Number DE-AR0000275 and McDonnell International Scholar Academy at Washington University in St. Louis.

References

1.             Y. Ji, Y. Zhang and C.-Y. Wang, J. Electrochem. Soc., 160, A636 (2013).

2.             Y. Ji and C. Y. Wang, Electrochimica Acta, 107, 664 (2013).

3.             M. Guo, G. Sikha and R. E. White, J. Electrochem. Soc., 158, A122 (2011).

4.             P. W. C. Northrop, V. Ramadesigan, S. De and V. R. Subramanian, J. Electrochem. Soc., 158, A1461 (2011).