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Development of Tin-Rich Methylammonium Halide Perovskites for Carbon-Based Solar Cells Free of Hole-Transport Materials

Wednesday, 1 June 2016
Exhibit Hall H (San Diego Convention Center)
C. M. Tsai and E. W. G. Diau (National Chiao Tung University)
Methylammonium halide perovskite solar cells have received a tremendous amount of attention in recent years due to their skyrocketing efficiency improvement starting from 4% to 20% within six years. However, the employment of metal electrode, expensive hole-transporting materials (HTM), and particularly, environmentally hazardous material of lead presents a barrier to successful commercialization. In this study, we report on preparation and characterization of perovskite material with PbI2 partially replaced by SnI2 or SnCl2. Moreover, the performances of mixed perovskite solar cells are based on a HTM-free carbon electrode configuration. Noticeably, the case of employing SnCl2, CH3NH3SnyPb(1−y)I3-xClx, which shows completely different energy level trend to CH3NH3SnyPb(1−y)I3 and better photovoltaic performance when more SnCl2 component in the devices and stability of devices are 70 times more than SnI2 one. Moreover, the device has the highest powder conversion efficiency (PCE) of 2.15% (CH3NH3Sn0.75Pb0.25I3-xClx), which shows broad light absorption region up to 1000 nm and highest current density of 15.66 mA cm-2. In order to further improving device performance, a 20 mol% SnF2 additive was introduced into CH3NH3Sn0.75Pb0.25I3-xClx, after that current density can be improved to 23 mA cm-2, VOCis 0.35V, FF is 0.52 and PCE will beyond 4.0% with a small effect of hysteresis and excellent long-term stability over 1000 h (storing at glove box).