Nowadays, lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) are widely used to power portable devices, microelectronics, vehicles, etc.  With many advantages such as high surface area and improved charge transport, self-supported 3-D nanostructured metal oxides are promising electrode materials for LIBs and their impact is particularly significant when considering the miniaturization of energy storage systems and the development of 3D microbatteries [1-3].

During this talk, it will be presented the fabrication and use of materials derived from self-organized titania nanotubes (TiO₂nts) as negative 3D self-supported electrodes for microbatteries [4–8]. This kind of 3D nanostructured electrodes is particularly interesting due to better electrochemical performance in terms of kinetics and stability during cycling.

Then, the fabrication of an all-solid-state Rocking-chair battery composed of vertical arrays of TiO₂nts as anode, a polymer thin film as electrolyte, and a LiNi_0.5Mn_1.5O₄ (LNMO) layer as cathode will be shown [9]. According to the electrochemical tests, this 2D full-solid microbattery showing an operating voltage of 2.1V exhibits high performance such as good discharge capacity and good capacity retention.

Finally, the current approaches developed to achieve the fabrication of a full 3D microcell will be highlighted. Particularly, the conformal electrodeposition of polymer electrolytes into tha titania nanotubes and their potential filling will be discussed [10-12].

References

[1]           B.L. Ellis, P. Knauth, T. Djenizian, Adv. Mater., 26 (2014) 3368.

[2]           L. Baggetto, J.F.M. Oudenhoven, T. van Dongen, J.H. Klootwijk, M. Mulder, R. a. H. Niessen, M.H.J.M.    de Croon, P.H.L. Notten, J. Power Sources 189 (2009) 402.

[3]           M. Nathan, D. Golodnitsky, V. Yufit, E. Strauss, T. Ripenbein, I. Shechtman, S. Menkin, E. Peled,             Microelectromechanical Syst. J. 14 (2005) 879.

[4]           G. Ortiz, I. Hanzu, T. Djenizian, P. Lavela, J.L. Tirado, and P. Knauth, Chem. Mater. 21 (2009) 63.

[5]           N.A. Kyeremateng, C. Lebouin, P. Knauth, T. Djenizian, Electrochim. Acta 88 (2012) 814.

[6]           N.A. Kyeremateng, V. Hornebecq, P. Knauth, T. Djenizian, Electrochim. Acta 62 (2012) 192.

[7]           T. Djenizian, I. Hanzu, P. Knauth, J. Mater. Chem. 21 (2011) 9925.

[8]           N.A. Kyeremateng, N. Plylahan, A.C.S. dos Santos, L. V Taveira, L.F.P. Dick, T. Djenizian, Chem.Commun. 49 (2013) 4205.

[9]           N. Plylahan, M. Letiche, M. Barr, and T. Djenizian, Electrochem. Commun., 43, 121 (2014).

[10]        N. Plylahan, N.A. Kyeremateng, M. Eyraud, F. Dumur, H. Martinez, L. Santinacci, P. Knauth, T. Djenizian, Nanoscale Res. Lett. 7 (2012) 349.

[11]        N. Plylahan, A. Demoulin, C. Lebouin, P. Knauth, T. Djenizian, RSC Adv., 5, 28474 (2015).

[12]        N. Plylahan, M. Letiche, M. Barr, B. Ellis, S. Maria, T. N. T. Phan, E. Bloch, P. Knauth, and T. Djenizian, J. Power Sources, 273, 1182 (2015).