In this study, electrocatalytic behaviour of graphene oxide (GO), iron (III) oxide (Fe2O3) and Prussian blue (PB) nanoparticles and their nanocomposite towards nitrite (NO2-) and nitric oxide (NO) oxidation in neutral and acidic media respectively was carried out on platinum (Pt) modified electrode. Successful synthesis of these nano materials was confirmed using microscopic and spectroscopic techniques. Successful modification of electrode was confirmed using cyclic voltammetry (CV) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). Results showed that the Pt-GO-Fe2O3 and Pt-GO-PB nanocomposite modified electrodes gave faster electron transfer process in both 5 mM Ferri/Ferro ([Fe(CN)6]3−/4−) redox probe and 0.1 M phosphate buffer solution (PBS). Pt-GO-Fe2O3 and Pt-GO-PB electrodes also gave enhanced NO2- and NO oxidation current compared with bare Pt and other electrodes studied. Electrocatalytic oxidation of the analyte occurred through a simple diffusion process but characterised with some level of adsorption. Tafel slope b of 468.4, 305.2 mVdec-1 (NO2-, NO); and 311.5, 277.2 mVdec-1 (NO2-, NO) were obtained for the analyte at Pt-GO-Fe2O3 and Pt-GO-PB electrode respectively. The limit of detection of these electrodes (LoD) is in the micro molar range and compared favourably with literature reported values. Pt-GO-Fe2O3 gave best performance to NO2- and NO electrooxidation. The adsorption equilibrium constant β and the standard free energy change ΔG0 due to adsorption for the electrodes are discussed. The fabricated sensors are easy to prepare, cost effective and can be applied for real sample analysis of nitrite and nitric oxide in different matrices.
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