Recently, niobium tungsten oxide nanowires have been reported as a promising anode material for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). This material has demonstrated high theoretical capacity, significant structural stability, high power density, as well as environmental friendliness. Nonetheless, their low conductivity is a significant drawback that needs to be addressed. More so, it is desirable to enhance their electrochemical performance to meet the needs of current energy applications. In this study, pristine and nickel-doped (Ni = 1 wt.%, 3 wt.%, 5 wt.%) niobium tungsten oxide nanowires were fabricated using the electrospinning technique, followed by annealing. The effect of nickel doping content on the morphology, structure, and electrochemical performance of niobium tungsten oxide nanowires was investigated using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), X-ray diffraction patterns (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM), Raman spectroscopy, cyclic voltammetry (CV) and galvanostatic charge-discharge tests. The XRD results show that the incorporation of Ni into the structure of niobium tungsten oxide expanded the unit cell and enhanced the lithium-ion diffusion. The results of the electrochemical test indicate that the 3 wt.% Nickel-doped sample exhibits excellent electrochemical performance with high rate capability after 500 cycles at a high current rate of 5 C. Even when cycled at a high current rate of 10 C, the 3 wt.% Nickel-doped sample still delivered the highest initial reversible capacity compared to the other samples. Furthermore, the Ni doping significantly enhanced the electronic conductivity of the samples compared with the pristine niobium tungsten oxide nanowires. The results obtained from the CV test also show that doping nickel ions into the niobium tungsten oxide nanowires lowered the polarization and increased the lithium-ion diffusion coefficient. This study confirms that doping of niobium tungsten oxide nanowires with nickel significantly improved the electrochemical performance and electronic conductivity which is essential for future anode materials.