Halide perovskites are enticing candidates for highly efficient light-emitting diodes (LEDs) with commercial potential in displays and lighting. However, it remains a challenge for conventional fabrication of perovskite thin films, namely solution spin coating, to achieve large-scale and efficient LEDs, limited by low light extraction efficiency, small substrate-size, in conjunction with intrinsic instability. Here, we have reported large-scale and efficient perovskite LEDs with the utilization of nanostructured perovskites, such as nanowires (NWs), quantum wires (QWs), and perovskites on nanophotonic substrates. Specifically, the nanophotonic substrates resulted in a high light extraction efficiency of 73.6 % and hence a high device external quantum efficiency (EQE) of 17.5 %. The perovskite NWs based LED device demonstrated 45 % improvement of EQE from 11 % to 16 %, compared with the planar control device. When further reducing the NWs diameter to quantum regime, the quantum confinement effect and strong surface passivation significantly increased radiative recombination rate, and consequently a high photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY) of up to 92 % and long PL lifetime (T_PL50) of 5,644 hours were achieved for MAPbBr₃ QWs in porous alumina membrane (PAM). Benefiting from the scalability of PAM fabrication, the close-spaced vapour reaction (CSVR) process and hole-transport-layer evaporation, excellent up-scalability of perovskite QWs LEDs is demonstrated with the successful fabrication of four-inch wafer-scale LED devices with respectable electroluminescence (EL) uniformity. Intriguingly, the conformal nature of CSVR QW growth enables the fabrication of a unique 3D spherical LED device, demonstrating excellent spatial EL luminance distribution. The results suggest that the large-scale and efficient LEDs based on nanostructured perovskites are highly promising for future large-area displays and lighting applications.