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Investigation into State-of-Health Impedance Diagnostic for 26650 4P1S Battery Packs

Tuesday, 21 June 2016
Riverside Center (Hyatt Regency)
B. Huhman (US Naval Research Laboratory), J. M. Heinzel (Naval Surface Warfare Center - Philadelphia Division), L. Mili (Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University), and C. T. Love (U.S. Naval Research Laboratory)
State-of-Health (SOH) is a critical parameter for determining the safe operating area (SOA) of a battery cell and battery packs to avoid abuse and prevent failure and accidents. A set of experiments was performed to generate aging data on LiFePO4 batteries discharged with a specific load profile, with an emphasis on measuring changes in the 1 kHz – 0.1 Hz electrochemical impedance spectra (EIS). A parallel set of experiments was performed to identify a frequency range where the impedance response appears to be independent of the state of charge of the cell. Four 26650 cells were placed in a 4P1S array and discharged in parallel at 10 C (26 A) with the aforementioned load profile for a significant number of cycles to age the cells. Individual cell EIS measurements were taken, as well as measurements of the array as a whole. It is expected that deviations in the frequency-independent impedance response reflect SOH changes that may signal premature cell death. This work will discuss experimental results to date.