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Role of the Transition Metal in Intermetallic Anodes

Thursday, 23 June 2016
Riverside Center (Hyatt Regency)
J. T. Vaughey (Argonne National Laboratory)
Intermetallic anodes are a small but important subclass of lithium-ion battery anode materials.  In general materials in this class represent a compromise in terms of capacity and voltage compared to commercial materials but also tend to be crystallographically denser and have more stable cycling profiles.  Common examples include Cu2Sb, Cu6Sn5, and MnP [1-5].  They operate by inserting and storing lithium at low voltages using a variety of mechanisms that combine aspects of the main storage mechanisms. Intercalation anodes (e.g. graphite) insert lithium into existing crystallographic vacancies, conversion anodes store lithium in binary compounds formed by a disproportionation reaction, and Zintl phases react with lithium to form distinct crystallographic phases that undergo large bonding and volume changes as a function of lithium content [6].  In this presentation, a variety of intermetallic anodes will be assessed to better understand the role of the transition metal in allowing these materials to utilize multiple mechanisms to store lithium.  Knowledge gained from this analysis will be used to predict and better understand new high density anode materials.

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