Monday, 20 June 2016
Riverside Center (Hyatt Regency)
Experimental realization of nitrogen doping into LiFePO4 films has been carried out by reactive sputtering on graphite substrates without any carbon additive. LiFePOxNy films were deposited under various N2/Ar flow ratios followed by thermal annealing under Ar/H2 gas mixture. The amounts of nitrogen doping increased with the N2/Ar flow ratios. Enhanced Li-N signals were recorded by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, where Nitrogen substitutes for Oxygen at LiO6 octahedral structure in LiFePO4. The binding energy bands of the double and triple coordinated N-P bonds were found and the triple bond became predominant with increased nitrogen doping as characterized by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). With nitrogen doping, Fe2+ remained unchanged, whereas Fe-O defects in FeO8 octahedron increased. Nitrogen doping has effectively elevated the conductivity of the films to the order of 104 S/cm, and also reduced the electrochemical impedance. The charge-discharge tests show that capacity of 140 mAh/g at 0.2 C can be obtained with appropriate nitrogen doping. Even at a current rate of 10 C, the optimized LiFePOxNy film can delivered a capacity of 100 mAh/g. The LiFePOxNy films were charged-discharged for 100 cycles at 1C, and 97 % of capacity retention can be achieved for most films.