Phosphorus @ Porous Carbon for Na-Ion Batteries

Sodium ion battery has drawn significant attention recently due to its low cost and it can be potentially used in large-scale electric energy storage. Elemental phosphorus has a high theoretical capacity of 2596 mAh g^-1 which is one of the most promising anode materials. However, due to high volume expansion caused by Na⁺ insertion (~490% from phosphorus to Na₃P), it is hard to achieve stable cycling.  In this study, P @ porous carbon sample will be prepared through a vaporization/adsorption strategy. The conductive mesoporous carbon serves as host material which can improve the electronic conductivity as well as good structure material to confine the nano-P. The P @ porous carbon material will be evaluated by vary electrochemical measurements, including cycling stability, rate capability and impedance. And the obtained results will be compared with phosphorus in other carbon host materials.