H2/O2 Alkaline Membrane Fuel Cell Performances Using Carbon-Supported Metal Phthalocyanine (MPc/C,M = Co, Cu, Zn, Ni) as Cathode Catalysts

Supercapacitors are one of the most promising electrochemical energy-storage device and have been widely applied due to their advantages of large power density, long cycle stability and environmentally friendly^[1]. In the past few decades, many metal oxides were investigated as active electrode material for supercapacitor, among which ruthenium oxide (RuO₂) is the best candidate^[2-3]_. However, the high cost and toxic nature of RuO₂  has  limited its practical production and commercial applications. 

Aiming at new cost-effective, high performance electrode material for supercapacitors, partial or complete replacement of precious metal has been under great effort by many research groups^[4]. Manganes oxide (MnO₂) is generally considered to be the most promising transition metal oxide for the next-generation supercapacitors by virtue of its high energy density, low cost, environmental friendliness, and natural abundance. For obtaining the specified morphology with increased surface area and predetermined microstructure, the MnO₂ has been proposed to be synthesized by various methods such as hydrothermal method^[5] and  microwave method^[6] to  realize the improved reaction kinetics. However, these methods are relatively complex, which inevitably adds the cost. In this work, use glucose reducing potassium ermanganate, the mesoporous MnO₂ can be easily prepared at ambient conditions with high production rate. Thus a very simple, economic and green synthesis procedure is realized compared to other procedures reported in the literature. In addition, the as-prepared mesoporous MnO₂ exhibits high-performance in electrochemical capacitors.