Fluoride-Doped Layered-Spinel Hybrid Lithium-Rich Cathode Material for Lithium Ion Battery

The limitation of theoretical capacity in cathode material is a technological bottleneck for developing next generation lithium ion battery. For this regard, researchers recently focus on lithium-rich composite cathode (1-yLiMn₂O₃-yLiNi_xMn_1-xO₂) due to its high versatility of capacity output ranged from 280 to 320 mAhg^-1(usually charge/discharge in 0.1C). In this study, we have proposed a novel design and feasible synthesis of layered-spinel hybrid lithium-rich cathode, modification by appreciable fluoride doping. This is the first use of polymeric fluoride as a dopant source in non-aqueous co-precipitation batch. In a detailed structural analysis, spinel phases are spontaneous formed and encapsulated onto the layer matrix after fluoride doping. The electrochemical result shows an extra high voltage charge-discharge character around 4.8V, speculated as LiNi_0.5Mn_1.5O₄ intercalation process. It delivered stable cycleability and improved C-rate performances as compared with the traditional layered cathode. A fast lithiated /delithiated process is attributed to well-distributed 3D diffusivity tunnel in the spinel-embedded Li-rich layer material.