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Enhanced Cycling Stability of SiOx/Si/Nickel Foam Thin Film Anodes for Lithium Ion Batteries

Monday, 14 May 2018
Ballroom 6ABC (Washington State Convention Center)
K. F. Chiu, H. J. Leu, and K. C. Li (Feng Chia University)
Silicon has been known as the next generation anode material for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) due to its high theoretical specific capacity (4200 mAh/g). However silicon anodes face the challenge of large volume change over 300 % during lithiation/delithiation cycles, leading to the pulverization of the silicon based electrodes. In this study, radio frequency (RF) magnetron sputtering is used to deposit amorphous silicon thin films on nickel foam current collectors. This flexible three-dimensional structure is found to relieve stress caused by the volume expansion. Furthermore, SiOx is coated on the previously fabricated silicon anodes as a buffer layer. The oxygen contents and the thickness of the SiOx are controlled by depositing under different Ar/O2 ratios, and depositing times. The electrochemical behaviors of the SiOx/Si/nickel foam electrodes toward lithium are studied. It is found that the SiOx/Si/nickel foam electrodes with optimized oxygen contents and thickness of SiOx films exhibit high cycling stability and coulombic efficiency. The results are attributed to the stress relaxation effect provided by the flexible nickel foams and the SiOx buffer layers.