It is critically important to develop miniature energy storage and conversion devices in modern electronics, e.g., for portable and wearable electronic facilities. Here a novel family of energy storage and conversion devices as well as their integrated devices in 1D configuration are carefully discussed with unique and promising advantages such as lightweight and weaveable compared with the conventional planar architecture. For the energy conversion devices in 1D configuration, fiber-shaped dye-sensitized solar cells, polymer solar cells and perovskite solar cells are covered. For the energy storage devices, fiber-shaped electrochemical capacitors, lithium ion batteries, lithium sulfur batteries, lithium air batteries and zinc air batteries are carefully investigated. The main efforts will be made to highlight the recent advancement in the electrode material, device structure and property extension.