Over the past few decades of research on the nature inspired material has given us new opportunities and challenges. The focus of nature inspired material not only inspired people’s imagination and hope, but also combined many study filed like architectural design, engineering, material science and electronic engineering development. In this research work, we used electrospinning instrument to make a nature inspired defect-rich poly crystal SnO₂ nanofibers (PC-SnO₂ NFs) as a broadband light sensor (365, 465, 595, 730, 850, 940 nm) and toxic gas sensor. In order to describe the defect appear in the interface grain by grain, we used the STXM-XANES, EXAFS, XPS and Raman to analysis and shows a best result of defect intensity in the nanofibers which give a strong evidence for oxygen defect. The Oxygen surface defect rich structure can give our PC-SnO₂ NFs more applications, such as distinguished photoelectric property, outstanding gas detection ability and attractive cell regeneration, etc. In this research, we will use the defect structure to make kind of device by one material.