Vanadium redox-flow batteries (VRFBs) are mainly used in large –scale grid storage. One of the great features of (VRFBs) is the ability to separate energy (amount of stored electrolyte) and power (number of utilized cells and electrode size) of each other. Thus, the flow battery can be improved for either energy and/or power delivery.

In this work, a 3D numerical model by COMSOL software (validated in previous work) of multidisciplinary problem is implemented to study the overall cell efficiency under different operating flow rate and current conditions. Next, we introduce a comprehensive sensitivity analysis study of many input parameters in our model such as (cell channel dimension and electrode material properties) to investigate the impact of the variation in each parameter on the output cell performance.

Based on the sensitivity results, only three input parameters dominate the simulation results, which are solid conductivity of porous electrode, diffusivity of proton in electrolyte, and reaction rate for both electrodes.