The number of plug-in electric vehicles sold in the U.S. has grown from 52,500 units in 2012 to over 160,000 vehicles sold in 2016; that is over a 300% increase in just four years. These vehicles’ batteries are going to reach auto dismantlers after approximately 10 years and require proper end-of-life processing, but the current solutions are not cost-effective. Argonne National Laboratory has developed a model that evaluates every stage of a battery’s life from material acquisition through recycling to provide a total cost and environmental impact. This allows for a direct comparison of virgin batteries to batteries with recycled content.