Neurological diseases (NDDs) affect millions of people globally despite the wide variety of medications developed to slow down progression. The lack of efficient drugs available highlights the need for a deeper understanding of the etiology of these diseases and the effect of environmental factors, such as heavy metals. Copper is a known neurotoxin that plays a pivotal role in NDDs by causing irreversible oxidative damage. Therefore, the development of an in vivo method of detection for heavy metals is of the upmost importance. Traditionally employed methods of metal ion detection analyze blood or urine samples through chromatography, immunoassays, spectrometry, and colorimetry; thus eliminating in vivo, real-time measurements. These diagnostic methods cannot be applied to living systems and therefore lack insight into the relationship between heavy metals and NDDs. In order to complete in vivo measurements, a low sensitivity system is required to detect physiological metal ion concentrations. Electrochemists have discovered several surface modifications protocols; however, an ideal strategy should be biocompatible and cheap. Mussel inspired chemistry has shown that dopamine can be used as a surface modification by mimicking the strong adhering abilities of the marine mussel. In this study, we fabricated a carbon-fiber microelectrode electrodeposited with dopamine to enhance the detection of Cu²⁺. We characterized our sensor with dopamine and Cu²⁺ with fast-scan cyclic voltammetry (FSCV). We then optimized the length of electrodeposition by comparing different deposition times through FSCV current readings and atomic force microscopy and chose the best one. We performed all our experiments in a buffer solution that mimics artificial cerebellum fluid; thus, we showcase the ability of our sensors for the in vivo detection of Cu²⁺ with high sensitivity and excellent biocompatibility.