PtHNs were characterized by SEM, EDX, TEM, XRD and cyclic voltammetry. The SEM images obtained, showed that the structure was unique, hierarchical with a regular morphology. From the SEM images, it was observed that the chemically synthesized PtHNs, were made up of interconnected spheres and self-assembled nanoneedles forming a nanocoral shape. The PtHNs XRD patterns confirm the polycrystalline nature of the platinum nanomaterials.
Cyclic voltammetry (CV) of PtHNs synthesized through chemical reduction and electrodeposition method was conducted in degassed 0.5 M H2SO4. CV measurements (current voltage curve) essentially provide information about the electrochemical reactions that occurs on a working electrode surface. Electrochemical active surface area (ECSA) values of 35.1 m2/g and 20.9 m2/g were recorded for PtHNs synthesized by chemical reduction of 2% and 4% water soluble Pt precursor respectively. The highest ECSA value of 35.1 m2/g recorded from the PtHNs is higher than Pt dendritic tubes (23.3 m2/g) reported by Zhang et al. [1]. This clearly shows that the catalytic ability of the nanostructures synthesized in this work are highly desirable. The electrochemical surface area (ECSA) of 14.6 m2/g was recorded for the PtHNs electrodeposited on Au macroelectrode from aqueous Pt electrolyte while 12.2 m2/g was obtained when bicontinuous microemulsion of Pt was used as the platinum electrodeposition media. The PtHNs synthesized by the chemical method exhibited larger surface area than the platinum nanomaterial synthesized by electrodeposition. Broadly, this report presents a novel study of different synthetic methods for obtaining platinum nanostructures demonstrating the “template effect” of bicontinuous microemulsions towards the synthesis of metallic superstructures.
Reference
[1] Zhang, G., Sun, S., Cai, M., Zhang, Y., Li, R., and Sun, X., 2013, Porous dendritic platinum nanotubes with extremely high activity and stability for oxygen reduction reaction: Sci. Rep., 3, 1526.