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Ion Intercalation into 2D Titanium Carbide Based MXenes: Applications for Electrochemical Capacitors

Wednesday, 8 October 2014: 08:10
Sunrise, 2nd Floor, Star Ballroom 1 (Moon Palace Resort)
M. R. Lukatskaya, C. E. Ren, O. Mashtalir (Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Drexel University), Y. Dall'Agnese (Université Paul Sabatier, CIRIMAT), M. W. Barsoum (Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Drexel University), P. Simon (Université Paul Sabatier, CIRIMAT UMR CNRS 5085, 118 route de Narbonne, 31062 Toulouse, France), and Y. Gogotsi (Dept of Mat. Sci. and Eng., Drexel University)
We recently produced a new 2-D material, viz. Ti3C2, by selectively etching aluminium from a MAX phase Ti3AlC2 and labelled it MXene. MXenes represents a large family of transition metal carbides and carbonitrides, not just a single phase. Unlike graphene, whose chemistry is restricted to carbon, MXenes allow a variety of chemical compositions and are establishing themselves as a new class of two-dimensional materials. MXenes possess good in-plane conductivity, which in combination with the rich surface chemistry makes them attractive for electrical energy storage applications. However while potential of MXenes as anode materials for Li-ion batteries has already been shown, their use in electrochemical capacitors has not been explored.

Herein, we report on the intercalation of Li+, Na+, Mg2+, K+, NH4+, and Al3+ ions between the 2D Ti3C2Tx layers. In most cases, the cations intercalated spontaneously. The intercalation of some ions, notably Al3+, can be promoted electrochemically. We also report on intercalation-induced high volumetric capacitance of flexible Ti3C2Tx paper electrodes. This study provides a basis for exploring a large family of 2D carbides and carbonitrides in electrochemical energy storage applications using single- and multivalent ions.

References.

Lukatskaya, M.R., et al., Cation Intercalation and High Volumetric Capacitance of Two-Dimensional Titanium Carbide. Science, 2013. 341(6153): p. 1502-1505.