Leveraging the most recent success in expanding electrochemical stability window of aqueous electrolytes, we applyed a few new aqueous chemistries of both high energy density and safety. We show that in the super-concentrated aqueous electrolyte, these electrochemistry couples can exhibit high capasity and high voltage, which depend on thermodynamically phase-separations from the super-concentrated aqueous electrolyte. Meanwhile, fast reaction kinetics and negligible active material dissolution are also shown. The aqueous Li-ion/sulfur full cell delivers record-high energy densities up to 200 Wh/(kg of total electrode mass) for >1000 cycles at ~100% coulombic efficiency. The aqueous Li-ion/graphite full cell is heading the 300 Wh/kg target. These performances already approaches that of commercial LIBs using non-aqueous electrolyte, along with intrinsic safety not possessed by the latter. The excellent performance of this new aqueous battery chemistry significantly promotes the practical possibility of aqueous LIBs in large-format applications.