Monday, 14 May 2018
Ballroom 6ABC (Washington State Convention Center)
Most of efforts on physical confinements of lithium polysulfides to kinetically slow down the ‘shuttling effect’ in Li-S batteries have been tried to date. However, to avoid the thermodynamic loss of the sulfides, a stronger bonding particularly with a chemical bonding displays more effective way to mitigate the ‘flow away’ process. Here we created a double-nets matrix, which is composed of a low cost, mesoporous activated carbon (AC) and a covered nanoporous oxide cap. The oxide cap not only efficiently ‘blocks’ the sulfide molecular, but also chemically bonds the molecular that greatly delays the diffusion of the sulfide, thus leading to a high capacity retention. The initial capacity of 1600 mAh/g was achieved, which is close to the theoretical capacity. An excellent capacity retention with >900 mAh/g and >705 mAh/g were obtained after 500 cycles at 0.2 and 0.5 C, respectively. At a higher rate of 2.0 C, a capacity of as high as 470 mAh/g was still maintained after 500 cycles, which still keeps a capacity of >400 mAh/g after 1000 cycles with a Coulombic efficiency of 99.8%. Further, a wide range of sulfur ratio of the composite is from 47% up to 73%, enabling a high loading of active material up to >5.0 mg/cm2. This outstanding cycling performance is attributed to the double-nets physical and chemical confinements. The current high cycling and rate performance of the Li-S battery using industry available AC and sulfur provide a high potential in mass production for broad applications of potable electronic devices.