Rechargeable aluminum battery is promising to replace lead-acid battery for energy storage systems (ESSs) and vehicle cranking system because of non-flammability, ultra-fast charge and discharge capability, environmental-friendliness, and long cycle life. However, Al battery is hindered by low working voltage, low specific capacity of cathode materials, high cost of ionic liquids (ILs) and high self-discharge rate. The first two obstacles are highly related to cathode materials. In this study, electrochemical properties (e.g., cyclic voltammetry and galvanostatic charge/discharge) of Al battery using natural graphite, artificial graphite, soft carbon and hard carbon as cathode materials are investigated. At a current 100 mA/g, natural graphite (loading density of 13 ± 2 mg/cm²) shows the highest discharge capacity of 98 mAh/g. Raman spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction (XRD) are also employed to explore carbon properties, causing different energy storage performance. We suggest carbon, natural graphite, with low-disorder graphite structure delivers high capacity.