There has been much attention towards dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) for the past decades due to their attractive features such as reasonable energy conversion efficiency and low energy production cost. Recently, cobalt complexes have been suggested as one of the most promising candidates for replacing conventional iodine redox shuttles owing to their high voltage characteristics. Although high energy efficiency exceeding 12% was reported by employing liquid electrolyte that consists of cobalt complex redox mediator and volatile solvent, the use of volatile liquid solvent cannot ensure the long-term stability of DSSCs. In this work, therefore, novel polymer gel electrolytes (PGEs) including cobalt complexes as redox couples have been developed for efficient and long-term stable DSSCs. The physicochemical properties of PGEs were adjusted by selecting proper solvent and functional additives (for improving cobalt complex solubility and cation transference number etc.). Polyethers with polar groups (e.g. PEO and PMO) and polymers without polar groups (e.g. PVdF-HFP) were used as the polymer additives for the gelation of the liquid electrolytes with various blending ratios. Especially, various organic solvents with relatively high boiling points were tested to prepare long-term stable polymer gel electrolytes containing cobalt complex redox shuttles. Solvents with high donor number induced significant dissolution of dyes attached on TiO₂ and therefore the low volatile solvents with moderate donor number and dielectric constant were utilized in this work. DSSCs employing PGEs with cobalt redox couples also showed better long-term stability compared with those of DSSCs filled with liquid electrolytes at 50 ^oC for 700 h. In addition, several types of conjugated polymer based counter electrodes have been prepared and used for the fabrication of DSSCs to decrease the high charge transport resistance occurred between the PGE and counter electrode. The photovoltaic and electrochemical performances of the DSSCs have been systematically analyzed via the J-V curve measurement and various electrochemical characterizations such as EIS and CV analyses.

Acknowledgments:

This work was supported by a grant (No.2017000140002/ RE201702218) from the Environmental Industry Advancement Technology Development Project of Korea Environmental Industry & Technology (KEITI) funded by Korea Ministry of Environment (MOE).