Lithium-ion batteries have been investigated for their promising applications in hybrid electric vehicles. A great effort has been made to synthesize a variety of electrode materials to improve the energy density, rate capability, and cycling stability. Nanostructured materials have received much attention as anodes and cathodes due to the short ion transport length, higher electrolyte- electrode contact area and better accommodation of the strain of lithium insertion/extraction. Here we report a facile polymer-assisted chemical solution method to synthesize metal oxides nanoparticle network for lithium-ion battery anodes, such as cobalt oxide, nickel oxide, bismuth oxide, and cathode materials, such as vanadium oxide and lithium manganese oxide. The carbon left from the decomposition of polymers is an effective binder between metal oxides and the current collector. The one step binder-free anodes show much better lithium storage properties with high capacities, stable cyclability, and rate capability, as compared with the electrodes from the conventional slurry-paste way by mixing the active material, polymer binder and carbon black. The good performances of these electrodes could be attributed to intimate contact between the active material and the nickel foam, the porosity of the current collector, and the network structure of the active materials.