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Porous Structured SnO2 Nanofibers and Nanotubes As Anode Materials for Sodium-Ion Batteries

Wednesday, 31 May 2017: 08:20
Grand Salon D - Section 21 (Hilton New Orleans Riverside)
H. Kizil and E. C. Duran (Istanbul Technical University)
Sodium has similar electrochemical properties compare to lithium besides its abundancy on earth. Sodium-ion batteries are promising cost-effective alternatives to lithium-ion batteries for large scale applications where weight and energy density are of minor importance However, poor cycling stability and lower energy density of current sodium-ion batteries hinder their practical applications. Due to its excellent sodium ion storing capacity, tin dioxide (SnO2) emerged as a good candidate as anode material for sodium-ion batteries. However, large volume expansion upon cycling and subsequent pulverization of the active material is a great concern. In this study, novel tin dioxide porous nanofibers and nanotubes (SnO2 PNFs and SnO2 PNTs) were synthesized by electrospinning and subsequent heat treatment of a mixture containing different amount of mineral oil. Results indicated that low-porosity nanofibers led to higher capacity and improved cycling stability when compared to high-porosity nanotubes. Electrochemical performance studies indicated that porous nature of SnO2 PNFs and SnO2 PNTs anodes enabled to achieve good electrochemical performance, including relatively high capacity (311.8 mAhg-1 and 225 mAhg-1), large Coulombic efficiency (93.1% and 83.62%) and good capacity retention (79.2% and 79.47%) after 25th cycle, respectively.